refactor: enhance type safety by replacing any types with stricter types across the codebase, improving error handling and reducing potential bugs

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ The format is based on [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/en/1.1.0/),
 
 - **Organization context switch.** Switching away from a deleted organization now stores the session correctly instead of using an insecure fallback.
 - **Removed debug logs.** Auth and organization-switching details no longer leak into the browser console in production.
+- **Stricter type safety.** Eliminated all `any` types and `@ts-ignore` suppressions across the codebase, so the TypeScript compiler catches more bugs at build time.
 
 ## [0.10.0-alpha] - 2026-02-21
 

app/page.tsx

@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
       setSitesLoading(true)
       const data = await listSites()
       setSites(Array.isArray(data) ? data : [])
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to load your sites')
       setSites([])
     } finally {
@@ -198,7 +198,7 @@ export default function HomePage() {
       await deleteSite(id)
       toast.success('Site deleted successfully')
       loadSites()
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to delete site')
     }
   }

app/share/[id]/page.tsx

@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { useParams, useSearchParams, useRouter } from 'next/navigation'
 import { getPublicDashboard, getPublicStats, getPublicDailyStats, getPublicRealtime, getPublicPerformanceByPage, type DashboardData, type Stats, type DailyStat, type PerformanceByPageStat } from '@/lib/api/stats'
 import { toast } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
 import { getAuthErrorMessage } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
+import { ApiError } from '@/lib/api/client'
 import { LoadingOverlay, Button } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
 import Chart from '@/components/dashboard/Chart'
 import TopPages from '@/components/dashboard/ContentStats'
@@ -154,8 +155,9 @@ export default function PublicDashboardPage() {
       setCaptchaId('')
       setCaptchaSolution('')
       setCaptchaToken('')
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      if ((error.status === 401 || error.response?.status === 401) && (error.data?.is_protected || error.response?.data?.is_protected)) {
+      const apiErr = error instanceof ApiError ? error : null
+      if (apiErr?.status === 401 && (apiErr.data as Record<string, unknown>)?.is_protected) {
         setIsPasswordProtected(true)
         if (password) {
           toast.error('Invalid password or captcha')
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ export default function PublicDashboardPage() {
           setCaptchaSolution('')
           setCaptchaToken('')
         }
-      } else if (error.status === 404 || error.response?.status === 404) {
+      } else if (apiErr?.status === 404) {
         toast.error('Site not found')
       } else if (!silent) {
         toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to load public dashboard')

app/sites/[id]/settings/page.tsx

@@ -167,7 +167,7 @@ export default function SiteSettingsPage() {
       } else {
         setIsPasswordEnabled(false)
       }
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to load site settings')
     } finally {
       setLoading(false)
@@ -295,7 +295,7 @@ export default function SiteSettingsPage() {
         data_retention_months: formData.data_retention_months
       })
       loadSite()
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to save site settings')
     } finally {
       setSaving(false)
@@ -310,7 +310,7 @@ export default function SiteSettingsPage() {
     try {
       await resetSiteData(siteId)
       toast.success('All site data has been reset')
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to reset site data')
     }
   }
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ export default function SiteSettingsPage() {
       await deleteSite(siteId)
       toast.success('Site deleted successfully')
       router.push('/')
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || 'Failed to delete site')
     }
   }

components/Footer.tsx

@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@ import Image from 'next/image'
 import { GithubIcon, TwitterIcon, SwissFlagIcon } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
 
 interface FooterProps {
-  LinkComponent?: any
+  LinkComponent?: React.ElementType
   appName?: string
   isAuthenticated?: boolean
 }

components/PricingSection.tsx

@@ -150,8 +150,7 @@ export default function PricingSection() {
 
   // Helper to get all price details
   const getPriceDetails = (planId: string) => {
-    // @ts-ignore
+    const basePrice = currentTraffic.prices[planId as keyof typeof currentTraffic.prices]
-    const basePrice = currentTraffic.prices[planId]
     
     // Handle "Custom"
     if (basePrice === null || basePrice === undefined) return null
@@ -203,7 +202,7 @@ export default function PricingSection() {
         throw new Error('No checkout URL returned')
       }
 
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
       console.error('Checkout error:', error)
       toast.error('Failed to start checkout — please try again')
     } finally {

components/dashboard/Countries.tsx

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities }: LocationProps) {
     if (!countryCode || countryCode === 'Unknown') return null
     // * The API returns 2-letter country codes (e.g. US, DE)
     // * We cast it to the flag component name
-    const FlagComponent = (Flags as any)[countryCode]
+    const FlagComponent = (Flags as Record<string, React.ComponentType<{ className?: string }>>)[countryCode]
     return FlagComponent ? <FlagComponent className="w-5 h-5 rounded-sm shadow-sm" /> : null
   }
 

components/dashboard/ExportModal.tsx

@@ -67,9 +67,9 @@ export default function ExportModal({ isOpen, onClose, data, stats, topPages, to
     
     // Prepare data
     const exportData = data.map((item) => {
-      const filteredItem: Partial<DailyStat> = {}
+      const filteredItem: Record<string, string | number> = {}
       fields.forEach((field) => {
-        (filteredItem as any)[field] = item[field]
+        filteredItem[field] = item[field]
       })
       return filteredItem
     })
@@ -212,7 +212,7 @@ export default function ExportModal({ isOpen, onClose, data, stats, topPages, to
       autoTable(doc, {
         startY: startY,
         head: [fields.map(f => f.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + f.slice(1).replace('_', ' '))],
-        body: tableData as any[][],
+        body: tableData as (string | number)[][],
         styles: {
             font: 'helvetica',
             fontSize: 9,
@@ -249,7 +249,7 @@ export default function ExportModal({ isOpen, onClose, data, stats, topPages, to
         }
       })
 
-      let finalY = (doc as any).lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
+      let finalY = doc.lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
 
       // Top Pages Table
       if (topPages && topPages.length > 0) {
@@ -276,7 +276,7 @@ export default function ExportModal({ isOpen, onClose, data, stats, topPages, to
             alternateRowStyles: { fillColor: [255, 250, 245] },
         })
         
-        finalY = (doc as any).lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
+        finalY = doc.lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
       }
 
       // Top Referrers Table
@@ -305,7 +305,7 @@ export default function ExportModal({ isOpen, onClose, data, stats, topPages, to
             alternateRowStyles: { fillColor: [255, 250, 245] },
         })
         
-        finalY = (doc as any).lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
+        finalY = doc.lastAutoTable.finalY + 10
       }
 
       // Campaigns Table

components/dashboard/Locations.tsx

@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 import { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
 import { formatNumber } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
 import * as Flags from 'country-flag-icons/react/3x2'
-// @ts-ignore
 import iso3166 from 'iso-3166-2'
 import WorldMap from './WorldMap'
 import { Modal, GlobeIcon } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
@@ -28,7 +27,8 @@ const LIMIT = 7
 export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = 'full', siteId, dateRange }: LocationProps) {
   const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<Tab>('map')
   const [isModalOpen, setIsModalOpen] = useState(false)
-  const [fullData, setFullData] = useState<any[]>([])
+  type LocationItem = { country?: string; city?: string; region?: string; pageviews: number }
+  const [fullData, setFullData] = useState<LocationItem[]>([])
   const [isLoadingFull, setIsLoadingFull] = useState(false)
 
   useEffect(() => {
@@ -36,7 +36,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
       const fetchData = async () => {
         setIsLoadingFull(true)
         try {
-          let data: any[] = []
+          let data: LocationItem[] = []
           if (activeTab === 'countries') {
             data = await getCountries(siteId, dateRange.start, dateRange.end, 250)
           } else if (activeTab === 'regions') {
@@ -73,7 +73,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
         return <GlobeIcon className="w-5 h-5 text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400" />
     }
 
-    const FlagComponent = (Flags as any)[countryCode]
+    const FlagComponent = (Flags as Record<string, React.ComponentType<{ className?: string }>>)[countryCode]
     return FlagComponent ? <FlagComponent className="w-5 h-5 rounded-sm shadow-sm" /> : null
   }
 
@@ -158,7 +158,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
   }
 
   // Filter out "Unknown" entries that result from disabled collection
-  const filterUnknown = (data: any[]) => {
+  const filterUnknown = (data: LocationItem[]) => {
     return data.filter(item => {
       if (activeTab === 'countries') return item.country && item.country !== 'Unknown' && item.country !== ''
       if (activeTab === 'regions') return item.region && item.region !== 'Unknown' && item.region !== ''
@@ -172,7 +172,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
   const hasData = activeTab === 'map'
     ? (countries && filterUnknown(countries).length > 0)
     : (data && data.length > 0)
-  const displayedData = (activeTab !== 'map' && hasData) ? (data as any[]).slice(0, LIMIT) : []
+  const displayedData = (activeTab !== 'map' && hasData) ? data.slice(0, LIMIT) : []
   const emptySlots = Math.max(0, LIMIT - displayedData.length)
   const showViewAll = activeTab !== 'map' && hasData && data.length > LIMIT
 
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
               <p className="text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400 text-sm">{getDisabledMessage()}</p>
             </div>
           ) : activeTab === 'map' ? (
-            hasData ? <WorldMap data={filterUnknown(countries)} /> : (
+            hasData ? <WorldMap data={filterUnknown(countries) as { country: string; pageviews: number }[]} /> : (
               <div className="h-full flex flex-col items-center justify-center text-center px-6 py-8 gap-3">
                 <div className="rounded-full bg-neutral-100 dark:bg-neutral-800 p-4">
                   <GlobeIcon className="w-8 h-8 text-neutral-500 dark:text-neutral-400" />
@@ -247,13 +247,13 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
                 {displayedData.map((item, index) => (
                   <div key={index} className="flex items-center justify-between h-9 group hover:bg-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 rounded-lg px-2 -mx-2 transition-colors">
                     <div className="flex-1 truncate text-neutral-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3">
-                      {activeTab === 'countries' && <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country)}</span>}
+                      {activeTab === 'countries' && <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country ?? '')}</span>}
-                      {activeTab !== 'countries' && <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country)}</span>}
+                      {activeTab !== 'countries' && <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country ?? '')}</span>}
 
                       <span className="truncate">
-                        {activeTab === 'countries' ? getCountryName(item.country) :
+                        {activeTab === 'countries' ? getCountryName(item.country ?? '') :
-                         activeTab === 'regions' ? getRegionName(item.region, item.country) :
+                         activeTab === 'regions' ? getRegionName(item.region ?? '', item.country ?? '') :
-                         getCityName(item.city)}
+                         getCityName(item.city ?? '')}
                       </span>
                     </div>
                     <div className="text-sm font-semibold text-neutral-600 dark:text-neutral-400 ml-4">
@@ -293,14 +293,14 @@ export default function Locations({ countries, cities, regions, geoDataLevel = '
               <ListSkeleton rows={10} />
             </div>
           ) : (
-            (fullData.length > 0 ? fullData : data as any[]).map((item, index) => (
+            (fullData.length > 0 ? fullData : data).map((item, index) => (
               <div key={index} className="flex items-center justify-between py-2 group hover:bg-neutral-50 dark:hover:bg-neutral-800 rounded-lg px-2 -mx-2 transition-colors">
                 <div className="flex-1 truncate text-neutral-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3">
-                  <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country)}</span>
+                  <span className="shrink-0">{getFlagComponent(item.country ?? '')}</span>
                   <span className="truncate">
-                    {activeTab === 'countries' ? getCountryName(item.country) : 
+                    {activeTab === 'countries' ? getCountryName(item.country ?? '') : 
-                     activeTab === 'regions' ? getRegionName(item.region, item.country) :
+                     activeTab === 'regions' ? getRegionName(item.region ?? '', item.country ?? '') :
-                     getCityName(item.city)}
+                     getCityName(item.city ?? '')}
                   </span>
                 </div>
                 <div className="text-sm font-semibold text-neutral-600 dark:text-neutral-400 ml-4">

components/dashboard/TechSpecs.tsx

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ const LIMIT = 7
 export default function TechSpecs({ browsers, os, devices, screenResolutions, collectDeviceInfo = true, collectScreenResolution = true, siteId, dateRange }: TechSpecsProps) {
   const [activeTab, setActiveTab] = useState<Tab>('browsers')
   const [isModalOpen, setIsModalOpen] = useState(false)
-  const [fullData, setFullData] = useState<any[]>([])
+  type TechItem = { name: string; pageviews: number; icon: React.ReactNode }
+  const [fullData, setFullData] = useState<TechItem[]>([])
   const [isLoadingFull, setIsLoadingFull] = useState(false)
 
   // Filter out "Unknown" entries that result from disabled collection
@@ -39,7 +40,7 @@ export default function TechSpecs({ browsers, os, devices, screenResolutions, co
       const fetchData = async () => {
         setIsLoadingFull(true)
         try {
-          let data: any[] = []
+          let data: TechItem[] = []
           if (activeTab === 'browsers') {
             const res = await getBrowsers(siteId, dateRange.start, dateRange.end, 100)
             data = res.map(b => ({ name: b.browser, pageviews: b.pageviews, icon: getBrowserIcon(b.browser) }))

components/settings/OrganizationSettings.tsx

@@ -49,7 +49,6 @@ function BellIcon({ className }: { className?: string }) {
     </svg>
   )
 }
-// @ts-ignore
 import { Button, Input } from '@ciphera-net/ui'
 
 export default function OrganizationSettings() {
@@ -333,8 +332,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
     try {
       const { url } = await createPortalSession()
       window.location.href = url
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to open billing portal')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to open billing portal')
       setIsRedirectingToPortal(false)
     }
   }
@@ -346,8 +345,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
       toast.success(atPeriodEnd ? 'Subscription will cancel at the end of the billing period.' : 'Subscription canceled.')
       setShowCancelPrompt(false)
       loadSubscription()
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to cancel subscription')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to cancel subscription')
     } finally {
       setCancelLoadingAction(null)
     }
@@ -359,8 +358,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
       await resumeSubscription()
       toast.success('Subscription will continue. Cancellation has been undone.')
       loadSubscription()
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to resume subscription')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to resume subscription')
     } finally {
       setIsResuming(false)
     }
@@ -398,8 +397,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
         if (url) window.location.href = url
         else throw new Error('No checkout URL')
       }
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to update member role')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to update plan')
     } finally {
       setIsChangingPlan(false)
     }
@@ -427,9 +426,9 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
         window.location.href = '/'
       }
       
-    } catch (err: any) {
+    } catch (err: unknown) {
       console.error(err)
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(err) || err.message || 'Failed to delete organization')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(err) || (err instanceof Error ? err.message : '') || 'Failed to delete organization')
       setIsDeleting(false)
     }
   }
@@ -457,8 +456,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
       setCaptchaSolution('')
       setCaptchaToken('')
       loadMembers() // Refresh list
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to send invitation')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to send invitation')
     } finally {
       setIsInviting(false)
     }
@@ -469,8 +468,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
       await revokeInvitation(currentOrgId, inviteId)
       toast.success('Invitation revoked')
       loadMembers() // Refresh list
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to revoke invitation')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to revoke invitation')
     }
   }
 
@@ -484,8 +483,8 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
       toast.success('Organization updated successfully')
       setIsEditing(false)
       loadMembers() 
-    } catch (error: any) {
+    } catch (error: unknown) {
-      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || error.message || 'Failed to save organization settings')
+      toast.error(getAuthErrorMessage(error) || (error instanceof Error ? error.message : '') || 'Failed to save organization settings')
     } finally {
       setIsSaving(false)
     }
@@ -603,7 +602,7 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
                       <Input
                         type="text"
                         value={orgName}
-                        onChange={(e: any) => setOrgName(e.target.value)}
+                        onChange={(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => setOrgName(e.target.value)}
                         required
                         minLength={2}
                         maxLength={50}
@@ -623,7 +622,7 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
                         <Input
                           type="text"
                           value={orgSlug}
-                          onChange={(e: any) => setOrgSlug(e.target.value.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9-]/g, ''))}
+                          onChange={(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => setOrgSlug(e.target.value.toLowerCase().replace(/[^a-z0-9-]/g, ''))}
                           required
                           minLength={3}
                           maxLength={30}
@@ -703,7 +702,7 @@ export default function OrganizationSettings() {
                           type="email" 
                           placeholder="colleague@company.com" 
                           value={inviteEmail}
-                          onChange={(e: any) => setInviteEmail(e.target.value)}
+                          onChange={(e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement>) => setInviteEmail(e.target.value)}
                           required
                           className="bg-white dark:bg-neutral-900"
                         />

lib/api/client.ts

@@ -24,9 +24,9 @@ export function getSignupUrl(redirectPath = '/auth/callback') {
 
 export class ApiError extends Error {
   status: number
-  data?: any
+  data?: Record<string, unknown>
   
-  constructor(message: string, status: number, data?: any) {
+  constructor(message: string, status: number, data?: Record<string, unknown>) {
     super(message)
     this.status = status
     this.data = data

lib/api/organization.ts

@@ -86,10 +86,7 @@ export async function sendInvitation(
   role: string = 'member',
   captcha?: { captcha_id?: string, captcha_solution?: string, captcha_token?: string }
 ): Promise<OrganizationInvitation> {
-  const body: any = {
+  const body: Record<string, string> = { email, role }
-    email,
-    role
-  }
 
   if (captcha?.captcha_id) body.captcha_id = captcha.captcha_id
   if (captcha?.captcha_solution) body.captcha_solution = captcha.captcha_solution

types/iso-3166-2.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+declare module 'iso-3166-2' {
+  interface SubdivisionInfo {
+    name: string
+    type: string
+    parent?: string
+  }
+
+  interface CountryInfo {
+    name: string
+    sub: Record<string, SubdivisionInfo>
+  }
+
+  const iso3166: {
+    data: Record<string, CountryInfo>
+    country(code: string): CountryInfo | undefined
+    subdivision(code: string): SubdivisionInfo | undefined
+    codes: string[]
+  }
+
+  export default iso3166
+}

types/jspdf-autotable.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import 'jspdf'
+
+declare module 'jspdf' {
+  interface jsPDF {
+    lastAutoTable: {
+      finalY: number
+    }
+  }
+}